ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: V. parahaemolyticus, an important seafood-borne pathogen, is the causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of the thermostable hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) gene were investigated, and as many as 72 different O:K serovar combinations were determined from diarrheal patients and environmental sources in Gyeongbuk provinceas during the 2000-2001. METHODS: A total of 50 strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from diarrheal patients and environmental sources were analyzed for the tdh gene and trh gene. The strains were analyzed for kanagawa phenomenon (KP) with the wagatsuma blood agar medium test. Furthermore, the strains belonging to O and K serotypes were determined. DNA sequence determination of the tdh gene were verified using GenBank and analyzed. RESULTS: In the KP experiments of V. parahaemolyticus, 80% of the strains isolated from diarrheal patients showed positive, but all of the strains isolated from environment sources were negative The distribution of O and K serotypes were O3:K29, O3:K6, and O3:K31, atc. isolated from diarrheal patients, and O2:K28, O3:K29, and 04:K34 atc. isolated from environmental sources. As for the tdh and trh gene of V. parahaemolyticus, the tdh gene was detected from 88.0% of diarrheal patients and 16.0% of environmental sources. The trh gene was not detected from diarrheal patients and 8.0 % of environmental sources, whereas all urease positive strains possessed the trh gene. The DNA sequence of tdh gene were verified using GenBank and analyzed the difference, tdh nucleotide sequence was found among the V. parahaemolyticus. CONCLUSION: V. parahaemolyticus is distributed with high frequency in the environmental sources such as sea water, fishes and shellfishes sampled at the Gyeongbuk coastal area, and the O3:K6 strains producing TDH were confirmed, which is prevalent throughout the world, from diarrheal patients. Thus, it is very important to establish a measure to prevent food poisoning by V. parahaemolyticus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Agar , Base Sequence , Databases, Nucleic Acid , Fishes , Foodborne Diseases , Gastroenteritis , Seawater , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Shellfish , Urease , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Vibrio , Virulence Factors , VirulenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: V. parahaemolyticus, an important seafood-borne pathogen, is the causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of the thermostable hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) gene were investigated, and as many as 72 different O:K serovar combinations were determined from diarrheal patients and environmental sources in Gyeongbuk provinceas during the 2000-2001. METHODS: A total of 50 strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from diarrheal patients and environmental sources were analyzed for the tdh gene and trh gene. The strains were analyzed for kanagawa phenomenon (KP) with the wagatsuma blood agar medium test. Furthermore, the strains belonging to O and K serotypes were determined. DNA sequence determination of the tdh gene were verified using GenBank and analyzed. RESULTS: In the KP experiments of V. parahaemolyticus, 80% of the strains isolated from diarrheal patients showed positive, but all of the strains isolated from environment sources were negative The distribution of O and K serotypes were O3:K29, O3:K6, and O3:K31, atc. isolated from diarrheal patients, and O2:K28, O3:K29, and 04:K34 atc. isolated from environmental sources. As for the tdh and trh gene of V. parahaemolyticus, the tdh gene was detected from 88.0% of diarrheal patients and 16.0% of environmental sources. The trh gene was not detected from diarrheal patients and 8.0 % of environmental sources, whereas all urease positive strains possessed the trh gene. The DNA sequence of tdh gene were verified using GenBank and analyzed the difference, tdh nucleotide sequence was found among the V. parahaemolyticus. CONCLUSION: V. parahaemolyticus is distributed with high frequency in the environmental sources such as sea water, fishes and shellfishes sampled at the Gyeongbuk coastal area, and the O3:K6 strains producing TDH were confirmed, which is prevalent throughout the world, from diarrheal patients. Thus, it is very important to establish a measure to prevent food poisoning by V. parahaemolyticus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Agar , Base Sequence , Databases, Nucleic Acid , Fishes , Foodborne Diseases , Gastroenteritis , Seawater , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Shellfish , Urease , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Vibrio , Virulence Factors , VirulenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, remams an important public health problem in Korea, and asymptomatic chronic carriers play a role in the endemicity. However, the molecular studies of S. typhi isolates are very limited. We characterized clinical isolates of S. typhi by molecular and phage typing tools for the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness among the isolates. METHODS: A total of 49 S. typhi isolates from sporadic cases of typhoid fever were collected in 3 university hospitals in Seoul during 1992 to 1998 and examined for in vitro susceptibility to 14 antimicrobials by disk diffusion method, ribotyping using PstI restriction enzyme, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using XbaI and Vi phage typing. The distribution of the epidemiological types and genomic DNA relatedness were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-five out of 49 isolates were susceptible to all drugs tested. Thirty-two out of 47 were typable by phage typing and 56.3% possessed the phage type El or Ml. Forty-nine isolates divided into 6 different ribotypes (A to F) and 19 different PFGE types (AO through A17, BO) by ribotyping and PFGE analysis, respectively. Based on the 3 typing systems, 32 isolates divided into 17 different epidemiological types. The E1-A-A12 (phage type-ribotype-PFGE type) was most prevalent (18.8Fo) and isolated only in 1998, but distributed in various areas of isolation. The next prevalent M1-A-A1 (15.6%) was isolated from 1992 through 1998. The genetic relatedness based on PFGE analysis revealed that F (coefficient of similarity) values are 0.64 to 1.0 and 0.52 for A subtypes and BO type, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the circulating S. typhi strains in Seoul city show considerable genetic diversity, whereas most of them seems to be clonally related.
Subject(s)
Bacteriophage Typing , Bacteriophages , Diffusion , DNA , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Genetic Variation , Hospitals, University , Korea , Public Health , Ribotyping , Salmonella enterica , Salmonella typhi , Salmonella , Seoul , Typhoid FeverABSTRACT
Although urinary tract infections are common in adults, pyelonephritis is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure. Acute pyelonephritis without urinary tract obstruction, previous renal diseases or septic shock is a rare cause of acute renal failure. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, recovery of renal function could be slow and incomplete. We experienced a 45 year-old woman with diabetes who developed bilateral acute pyelonephritis followed by acute renal failure. The renal biopsy revealed diffuse edematous and focal fibrotic inters- titium with infiltration of lymphocytes compatible with interstitial nephritis. Although her renal function improved gradually with antimicrobial treatment, the process was incomplete and renal dysfunction persisted at about 10-month follow-up, suggesting permanent renal damage. Therefore, we report this case with brief review of related literature.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies , Lymphocytes , Nephritis, Interstitial , Pyelonephritis , Shock, Septic , Urinary Tract , Urinary Tract InfectionsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Changes in subsite distribution of colorectal cancer have been shown in recent years. The carcinoma tend to shift to more proximal colon and this proximal shift is influenced by age and sex. This study was designed to delineate the relationship of age to subsite incidence of colorectal cancer and to define the role of gender in this difference. METHOD: We have analyzed the data by patients with colorectal cancer from 1985 to 1995 for elucidate the relationships between age, sex and prinmry location of colorectal cancer. 749 patients(male 454, female 295) were diagnosed of colorectal cancer performed by colonoscopy and/or sigmoidoeopy were divided into three groups by their location of cancer (Right colon: appendix, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, T-colon proximal 2/3 Left colon: T-colon distal 1/3, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon Rectum: rectum). RESULTS: 1) The mean age of all patients was 53.84 +/- 13.11(yr). Mean ages of Right colon, Left colon, and Rectal cancer group were 55.54 +/- 14.12, 55.32 +/- 12.51, 52.22 +/- 13.09(yr), respectively. The mean age of Right colon and Left colon cancer group is significantly older than that of Rectal cancer group (p=0.0040, p=0.0042). 2) Infemale age group over 56, mean age of Right colon cancer group is shown to be 3.35 and 4.82 years older than Left colon cancer group and Rectal cancer group, respectively (p=0.0062, p=0.0053) and Colon cancer tend to develop on more right side according to increase in age. 3) Above correlation was not observed below 55 of both sexes and male age group over 56. 4) No significant differences in histological differentiation and tumor stage were observed among the three groups. 5) The study was conducted to evaluate the difference in the location of colorectal cancer between two following groups; The first group diagnosed from 1985 to 1990 and the second group from 1991 to 1995, yet significant statistical difference was not observed. CONCLUSION: Age increase seems to show correlation with right shifting of colon cancer, and this correlation was most significant in old women age group. This finding suggests unknown factor strongly linked to age and sex might play important role in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Appendix , Carcinogenesis , Colon , Colon, Ascending , Colon, Descending , Colon, Sigmoid , Colon, Transverse , Colonic Neoplasms , Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms , Incidence , Rectal Neoplasms , RectumABSTRACT
Background : hypercalciuria is defined as normocalcemia and increased urinary calcium excretion without any cause. Many studies have demonstrated that urinary calcium excretion is increased and glomerular hematuria is related to hypercalciuria in diabetic patients with severe proteinuria. This study was undertaken to elucidate whether patients with NIDDM are hypercalciuric and whether there is a pathophysiologic relationship between urinary calcium excretion, hematuria and the degree of diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of hypercalciuria in NIDDM patients and the possible relationship among urinary calcium excretion, hematuria and proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy. Methods : We studied with 18 control subjects and 101 NIDDM patients without urinary infection. NIDDM patients with normal renal function (s- Cr<133micromol/L) followed at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital were included in this study from June, 1993 through March, 1995. Control group included 18 normal subjects and 101 NIDDM patients were divided into 3 groups : normoalbuminuria group, microalbuminuria group and macroalbuminuria group. Urinary albumin excretion rate (microalbumin) and urinary calcium and creatinine excretion ratio were measured. Kruskal-Wallis 1-way ANOVA test and multifactorial regression test were used to analyze. Results : 1) Age, duration of DM and serum creatinine level in macroalbuminuria group were significantly higher than normoalbuminuria group. 2) Calcium-creatinine ratio was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in control subjects. Among diabetics it is significantly higher in microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria groups than normoalbuminuria group. The incidence of hypercalciuria is 44.6% in patients with NIDDM. 3) Albumin excretion rate is correlated positively with calcium-creatinine ratio(r=0.26, p=0.0006), while no correlation was observed with serum creatinine, serum calcium, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2hrs blood glucose, HbA1C, creatinine clearance, and body mass index. 4) Hematuria was observed in 3 cases with hypercalciuria(6.7%) and 4 cases without hypercalciuria(7.1%). No significant difference was observed between two groups. Conclusion : Hypercalciuria was more frequent in patients with NIDDM than in control. The severity of calciuria was correlated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy. There was no definite correlation between urinary calcium excretion and hematuria.